Vladimir Benes discovered an unbounded recursion in the VLAN and TEB Generic Receive Offload (GRO) processing implementations in the Linux kernel, A remote attacker could use this to cause a stack corruption, leading to a denial of service (system crash). It was discovered that a race condition existed in the memory manager of the Linux kernel when handling copy-on-write breakage of private read-only memory mappings. A local attacker could use this to gain administrative privileges.